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redict/src/networking.c

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2009-2012, Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez at gmail dot com>
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of Redis nor the names of its contributors may be used
* to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
* specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include "server.h"
#include "atomicvar.h"
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <ctype.h>
static void setProtocolError(const char *errstr, client *c, long pos);
/* Return the size consumed from the allocator, for the specified SDS string,
* including internal fragmentation. This function is used in order to compute
* the client output buffer size. */
size_t sdsZmallocSize(sds s) {
void *sh = sdsAllocPtr(s);
return zmalloc_size(sh);
}
/* Return the amount of memory used by the sds string at object->ptr
* for a string object. */
size_t getStringObjectSdsUsedMemory(robj *o) {
serverAssertWithInfo(NULL,o,o->type == OBJ_STRING);
switch(o->encoding) {
case OBJ_ENCODING_RAW: return sdsZmallocSize(o->ptr);
case OBJ_ENCODING_EMBSTR: return zmalloc_size(o)-sizeof(robj);
default: return 0; /* Just integer encoding for now. */
}
}
/* Client.reply list dup and free methods. */
void *dupClientReplyValue(void *o) {
return sdsdup(o);
}
void freeClientReplyValue(void *o) {
sdsfree(o);
}
int listMatchObjects(void *a, void *b) {
return equalStringObjects(a,b);
}
/* This function links the client to the global linked list of clients.
* unlinkClient() does the opposite, among other things. */
void linkClient(client *c) {
listAddNodeTail(server.clients,c);
/* Note that we remember the linked list node where the client is stored,
* this way removing the client in unlinkClient() will not require
* a linear scan, but just a constant time operation. */
c->client_list_node = listLast(server.clients);
}
client *createClient(int fd) {
client *c = zmalloc(sizeof(client));
/* passing -1 as fd it is possible to create a non connected client.
* This is useful since all the commands needs to be executed
* in the context of a client. When commands are executed in other
* contexts (for instance a Lua script) we need a non connected client. */
if (fd != -1) {
anetNonBlock(NULL,fd);
anetEnableTcpNoDelay(NULL,fd);
if (server.tcpkeepalive)
anetKeepAlive(NULL,fd,server.tcpkeepalive);
if (aeCreateFileEvent(server.el,fd,AE_READABLE,
readQueryFromClient, c) == AE_ERR)
{
close(fd);
zfree(c);
return NULL;
}
}
selectDb(c,0);
uint64_t client_id;
atomicGetIncr(server.next_client_id,client_id,1);
c->id = client_id;
c->fd = fd;
c->name = NULL;
c->bufpos = 0;
c->querybuf = sdsempty();
c->pending_querybuf = sdsempty();
c->querybuf_peak = 0;
c->reqtype = 0;
c->argc = 0;
c->argv = NULL;
c->cmd = c->lastcmd = NULL;
c->multibulklen = 0;
c->bulklen = -1;
c->sentlen = 0;
c->flags = 0;
c->ctime = c->lastinteraction = server.unixtime;
c->authenticated = 0;
c->replstate = REPL_STATE_NONE;
c->repl_put_online_on_ack = 0;
c->reploff = 0;
c->read_reploff = 0;
c->repl_ack_off = 0;
c->repl_ack_time = 0;
c->slave_listening_port = 0;
c->slave_ip[0] = '\0';
c->slave_capa = SLAVE_CAPA_NONE;
c->reply = listCreate();
c->reply_bytes = 0;
c->obuf_soft_limit_reached_time = 0;
listSetFreeMethod(c->reply,freeClientReplyValue);
listSetDupMethod(c->reply,dupClientReplyValue);
c->btype = BLOCKED_NONE;
c->bpop.timeout = 0;
c->bpop.keys = dictCreate(&objectKeyHeapPointerValueDictType,NULL);
c->bpop.target = NULL;
c->bpop.xread_group = NULL;
c->bpop.xread_consumer = NULL;
c->bpop.numreplicas = 0;
c->bpop.reploffset = 0;
c->woff = 0;
c->watched_keys = listCreate();
c->pubsub_channels = dictCreate(&objectKeyPointerValueDictType,NULL);
c->pubsub_patterns = listCreate();
c->peerid = NULL;
c->client_list_node = NULL;
listSetFreeMethod(c->pubsub_patterns,decrRefCountVoid);
listSetMatchMethod(c->pubsub_patterns,listMatchObjects);
if (fd != -1) linkClient(c);
initClientMultiState(c);
return c;
}
/* This function is called every time we are going to transmit new data
* to the client. The behavior is the following:
*
* If the client should receive new data (normal clients will) the function
* returns C_OK, and make sure to install the write handler in our event
* loop so that when the socket is writable new data gets written.
*
* If the client should not receive new data, because it is a fake client
* (used to load AOF in memory), a master or because the setup of the write
* handler failed, the function returns C_ERR.
*
* The function may return C_OK without actually installing the write
* event handler in the following cases:
*
* 1) The event handler should already be installed since the output buffer
* already contains something.
* 2) The client is a slave but not yet online, so we want to just accumulate
* writes in the buffer but not actually sending them yet.
*
* Typically gets called every time a reply is built, before adding more
* data to the clients output buffers. If the function returns C_ERR no
* data should be appended to the output buffers. */
int prepareClientToWrite(client *c) {
/* If it's the Lua client we always return ok without installing any
* handler since there is no socket at all. */
if (c->flags & (CLIENT_LUA|CLIENT_MODULE)) return C_OK;
/* CLIENT REPLY OFF / SKIP handling: don't send replies. */
if (c->flags & (CLIENT_REPLY_OFF|CLIENT_REPLY_SKIP)) return C_ERR;
/* Masters don't receive replies, unless CLIENT_MASTER_FORCE_REPLY flag
* is set. */
if ((c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER) &&
!(c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER_FORCE_REPLY)) return C_ERR;
if (c->fd <= 0) return C_ERR; /* Fake client for AOF loading. */
/* Schedule the client to write the output buffers to the socket only
* if not already done (there were no pending writes already and the client
* was yet not flagged), and, for slaves, if the slave can actually
* receive writes at this stage. */
if (!clientHasPendingReplies(c) &&
!(c->flags & CLIENT_PENDING_WRITE) &&
(c->replstate == REPL_STATE_NONE ||
(c->replstate == SLAVE_STATE_ONLINE && !c->repl_put_online_on_ack)))
{
/* Here instead of installing the write handler, we just flag the
* client and put it into a list of clients that have something
* to write to the socket. This way before re-entering the event
* loop, we can try to directly write to the client sockets avoiding
* a system call. We'll only really install the write handler if
* we'll not be able to write the whole reply at once. */
c->flags |= CLIENT_PENDING_WRITE;
listAddNodeHead(server.clients_pending_write,c);
}
/* Authorize the caller to queue in the output buffer of this client. */
return C_OK;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Low level functions to add more data to output buffers.
* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
int _addReplyToBuffer(client *c, const char *s, size_t len) {
size_t available = sizeof(c->buf)-c->bufpos;
if (c->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY) return C_OK;
/* If there already are entries in the reply list, we cannot
* add anything more to the static buffer. */
if (listLength(c->reply) > 0) return C_ERR;
/* Check that the buffer has enough space available for this string. */
if (len > available) return C_ERR;
memcpy(c->buf+c->bufpos,s,len);
c->bufpos+=len;
return C_OK;
}
void _addReplyObjectToList(client *c, robj *o) {
if (c->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY) return;
if (listLength(c->reply) == 0) {
sds s = sdsdup(o->ptr);
listAddNodeTail(c->reply,s);
c->reply_bytes += sdslen(s);
} else {
listNode *ln = listLast(c->reply);
sds tail = listNodeValue(ln);
/* Append to this object when possible. If tail == NULL it was
* set via addDeferredMultiBulkLength(). */
if (tail && sdslen(tail)+sdslen(o->ptr) <= PROTO_REPLY_CHUNK_BYTES) {
tail = sdscatsds(tail,o->ptr);
listNodeValue(ln) = tail;
c->reply_bytes += sdslen(o->ptr);
} else {
sds s = sdsdup(o->ptr);
listAddNodeTail(c->reply,s);
c->reply_bytes += sdslen(s);
}
}
asyncCloseClientOnOutputBufferLimitReached(c);
}
/* This method takes responsibility over the sds. When it is no longer
* needed it will be free'd, otherwise it ends up in a robj. */
void _addReplySdsToList(client *c, sds s) {
if (c->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY) {
sdsfree(s);
return;
}
if (listLength(c->reply) == 0) {
listAddNodeTail(c->reply,s);
c->reply_bytes += sdslen(s);
} else {
listNode *ln = listLast(c->reply);
sds tail = listNodeValue(ln);
/* Append to this object when possible. If tail == NULL it was
* set via addDeferredMultiBulkLength(). */
if (tail && sdslen(tail)+sdslen(s) <= PROTO_REPLY_CHUNK_BYTES) {
tail = sdscatsds(tail,s);
listNodeValue(ln) = tail;
c->reply_bytes += sdslen(s);
sdsfree(s);
} else {
listAddNodeTail(c->reply,s);
c->reply_bytes += sdslen(s);
}
}
asyncCloseClientOnOutputBufferLimitReached(c);
}
void _addReplyStringToList(client *c, const char *s, size_t len) {
if (c->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY) return;
if (listLength(c->reply) == 0) {
sds node = sdsnewlen(s,len);
listAddNodeTail(c->reply,node);
c->reply_bytes += len;
} else {
listNode *ln = listLast(c->reply);
sds tail = listNodeValue(ln);
/* Append to this object when possible. If tail == NULL it was
* set via addDeferredMultiBulkLength(). */
if (tail && sdslen(tail)+len <= PROTO_REPLY_CHUNK_BYTES) {
tail = sdscatlen(tail,s,len);
listNodeValue(ln) = tail;
c->reply_bytes += len;
} else {
sds node = sdsnewlen(s,len);
listAddNodeTail(c->reply,node);
c->reply_bytes += len;
}
}
asyncCloseClientOnOutputBufferLimitReached(c);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Higher level functions to queue data on the client output buffer.
* The following functions are the ones that commands implementations will call.
* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void addReply(client *c, robj *obj) {
if (prepareClientToWrite(c) != C_OK) return;
/* This is an important place where we can avoid copy-on-write
* when there is a saving child running, avoiding touching the
* refcount field of the object if it's not needed.
*
* If the encoding is RAW and there is room in the static buffer
* we'll be able to send the object to the client without
* messing with its page. */
if (sdsEncodedObject(obj)) {
if (_addReplyToBuffer(c,obj->ptr,sdslen(obj->ptr)) != C_OK)
_addReplyObjectToList(c,obj);
} else if (obj->encoding == OBJ_ENCODING_INT) {
/* Optimization: if there is room in the static buffer for 32 bytes
* (more than the max chars a 64 bit integer can take as string) we
* avoid decoding the object and go for the lower level approach. */
if (listLength(c->reply) == 0 && (sizeof(c->buf) - c->bufpos) >= 32) {
char buf[32];
int len;
len = ll2string(buf,sizeof(buf),(long)obj->ptr);
if (_addReplyToBuffer(c,buf,len) == C_OK)
return;
/* else... continue with the normal code path, but should never
* happen actually since we verified there is room. */
}
obj = getDecodedObject(obj);
if (_addReplyToBuffer(c,obj->ptr,sdslen(obj->ptr)) != C_OK)
_addReplyObjectToList(c,obj);
decrRefCount(obj);
} else {
serverPanic("Wrong obj->encoding in addReply()");
}
}
void addReplySds(client *c, sds s) {
if (prepareClientToWrite(c) != C_OK) {
/* The caller expects the sds to be free'd. */
sdsfree(s);
return;
}
if (_addReplyToBuffer(c,s,sdslen(s)) == C_OK) {
sdsfree(s);
} else {
/* This method free's the sds when it is no longer needed. */
_addReplySdsToList(c,s);
}
}
/* This low level function just adds whatever protocol you send it to the
* client buffer, trying the static buffer initially, and using the string
* of objects if not possible.
*
* It is efficient because does not create an SDS object nor an Redis object
* if not needed. The object will only be created by calling
* _addReplyStringToList() if we fail to extend the existing tail object
* in the list of objects. */
void addReplyString(client *c, const char *s, size_t len) {
if (prepareClientToWrite(c) != C_OK) return;
if (_addReplyToBuffer(c,s,len) != C_OK)
_addReplyStringToList(c,s,len);
}
void addReplyErrorLength(client *c, const char *s, size_t len) {
addReplyString(c,"-ERR ",5);
addReplyString(c,s,len);
addReplyString(c,"\r\n",2);
if (c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER) {
char *cmdname = c->lastcmd ? c->lastcmd->name : "<unknown>";
serverLog(LL_WARNING,"== CRITICAL == This slave is sending an error "
"to its master: '%s' after processing the command "
"'%s'", s, cmdname);
}
}
void addReplyError(client *c, const char *err) {
addReplyErrorLength(c,err,strlen(err));
}
void addReplyErrorFormat(client *c, const char *fmt, ...) {
size_t l, j;
va_list ap;
va_start(ap,fmt);
sds s = sdscatvprintf(sdsempty(),fmt,ap);
va_end(ap);
/* Make sure there are no newlines in the string, otherwise invalid protocol
* is emitted. */
l = sdslen(s);
for (j = 0; j < l; j++) {
if (s[j] == '\r' || s[j] == '\n') s[j] = ' ';
}
addReplyErrorLength(c,s,sdslen(s));
sdsfree(s);
}
void addReplyStatusLength(client *c, const char *s, size_t len) {
addReplyString(c,"+",1);
addReplyString(c,s,len);
addReplyString(c,"\r\n",2);
}
void addReplyStatus(client *c, const char *status) {
addReplyStatusLength(c,status,strlen(status));
}
void addReplyStatusFormat(client *c, const char *fmt, ...) {
va_list ap;
va_start(ap,fmt);
sds s = sdscatvprintf(sdsempty(),fmt,ap);
va_end(ap);
addReplyStatusLength(c,s,sdslen(s));
sdsfree(s);
}
/* Adds an empty object to the reply list that will contain the multi bulk
* length, which is not known when this function is called. */
void *addDeferredMultiBulkLength(client *c) {
/* Note that we install the write event here even if the object is not
* ready to be sent, since we are sure that before returning to the
* event loop setDeferredMultiBulkLength() will be called. */
if (prepareClientToWrite(c) != C_OK) return NULL;
listAddNodeTail(c->reply,NULL); /* NULL is our placeholder. */
return listLast(c->reply);
}
/* Populate the length object and try gluing it to the next chunk. */
void setDeferredMultiBulkLength(client *c, void *node, long length) {
listNode *ln = (listNode*)node;
sds len, next;
/* Abort when *node is NULL: when the client should not accept writes
* we return NULL in addDeferredMultiBulkLength() */
if (node == NULL) return;
len = sdscatprintf(sdsnewlen("*",1),"%ld\r\n",length);
listNodeValue(ln) = len;
c->reply_bytes += sdslen(len);
if (ln->next != NULL) {
next = listNodeValue(ln->next);
/* Only glue when the next node is non-NULL (an sds in this case) */
if (next != NULL) {
len = sdscatsds(len,next);
listDelNode(c->reply,ln->next);
listNodeValue(ln) = len;
/* No need to update c->reply_bytes: we are just moving the same
* amount of bytes from one node to another. */
}
}
asyncCloseClientOnOutputBufferLimitReached(c);
}
/* Add a double as a bulk reply */
void addReplyDouble(client *c, double d) {
char dbuf[128], sbuf[128];
int dlen, slen;
if (isinf(d)) {
/* Libc in odd systems (Hi Solaris!) will format infinite in a
* different way, so better to handle it in an explicit way. */
addReplyBulkCString(c, d > 0 ? "inf" : "-inf");
} else {
dlen = snprintf(dbuf,sizeof(dbuf),"%.17g",d);
slen = snprintf(sbuf,sizeof(sbuf),"$%d\r\n%s\r\n",dlen,dbuf);
addReplyString(c,sbuf,slen);
}
}
/* Add a long double as a bulk reply, but uses a human readable formatting
* of the double instead of exposing the crude behavior of doubles to the
* dear user. */
void addReplyHumanLongDouble(client *c, long double d) {
robj *o = createStringObjectFromLongDouble(d,1);
addReplyBulk(c,o);
decrRefCount(o);
}
/* Add a long long as integer reply or bulk len / multi bulk count.
* Basically this is used to output <prefix><long long><crlf>. */
void addReplyLongLongWithPrefix(client *c, long long ll, char prefix) {
char buf[128];
int len;
/* Things like $3\r\n or *2\r\n are emitted very often by the protocol
* so we have a few shared objects to use if the integer is small
* like it is most of the times. */
if (prefix == '*' && ll < OBJ_SHARED_BULKHDR_LEN && ll >= 0) {
addReply(c,shared.mbulkhdr[ll]);
return;
} else if (prefix == '$' && ll < OBJ_SHARED_BULKHDR_LEN && ll >= 0) {
addReply(c,shared.bulkhdr[ll]);
return;
}
buf[0] = prefix;
len = ll2string(buf+1,sizeof(buf)-1,ll);
buf[len+1] = '\r';
buf[len+2] = '\n';
addReplyString(c,buf,len+3);
}
void addReplyLongLong(client *c, long long ll) {
if (ll == 0)
addReply(c,shared.czero);
else if (ll == 1)
addReply(c,shared.cone);
else
addReplyLongLongWithPrefix(c,ll,':');
}
void addReplyMultiBulkLen(client *c, long length) {
if (length < OBJ_SHARED_BULKHDR_LEN)
addReply(c,shared.mbulkhdr[length]);
else
addReplyLongLongWithPrefix(c,length,'*');
}
/* Create the length prefix of a bulk reply, example: $2234 */
void addReplyBulkLen(client *c, robj *obj) {
size_t len;
if (sdsEncodedObject(obj)) {
len = sdslen(obj->ptr);
} else {
long n = (long)obj->ptr;
/* Compute how many bytes will take this integer as a radix 10 string */
len = 1;
if (n < 0) {
len++;
n = -n;
}
while((n = n/10) != 0) {
len++;
}
}
if (len < OBJ_SHARED_BULKHDR_LEN)
addReply(c,shared.bulkhdr[len]);
else
addReplyLongLongWithPrefix(c,len,'$');
}
/* Add a Redis Object as a bulk reply */
void addReplyBulk(client *c, robj *obj) {
addReplyBulkLen(c,obj);
addReply(c,obj);
addReply(c,shared.crlf);
}
/* Add a C buffer as bulk reply */
void addReplyBulkCBuffer(client *c, const void *p, size_t len) {
addReplyLongLongWithPrefix(c,len,'$');
addReplyString(c,p,len);
addReply(c,shared.crlf);
}
/* Add sds to reply (takes ownership of sds and frees it) */
void addReplyBulkSds(client *c, sds s) {
addReplyLongLongWithPrefix(c,sdslen(s),'$');
addReplySds(c,s);
addReply(c,shared.crlf);
}
/* Add a C null term string as bulk reply */
void addReplyBulkCString(client *c, const char *s) {
if (s == NULL) {
addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
} else {
addReplyBulkCBuffer(c,s,strlen(s));
}
}
/* Add a long long as a bulk reply */
void addReplyBulkLongLong(client *c, long long ll) {
char buf[64];
int len;
len = ll2string(buf,64,ll);
addReplyBulkCBuffer(c,buf,len);
}
/* Add an array of C strings as status replies with a heading.
* This function is typically invoked by from commands that support
* subcommands in response to the 'help' subcommand. The help array
* is terminated by NULL sentinel. */
void addReplyHelp(client *c, const char **help) {
sds cmd = sdsnew((char*) c->argv[0]->ptr);
void *blenp = addDeferredMultiBulkLength(c);
int blen = 0;
sdstoupper(cmd);
addReplyStatusFormat(c,
"%s <subcommand> arg arg ... arg. Subcommands are:",cmd);
sdsfree(cmd);
while (help[blen]) addReplyStatus(c,help[blen++]);
blen++; /* Account for the header line(s). */
setDeferredMultiBulkLength(c,blenp,blen);
}
/* Copy 'src' client output buffers into 'dst' client output buffers.
* The function takes care of freeing the old output buffers of the
* destination client. */
void copyClientOutputBuffer(client *dst, client *src) {
listRelease(dst->reply);
dst->reply = listDup(src->reply);
memcpy(dst->buf,src->buf,src->bufpos);
dst->bufpos = src->bufpos;
dst->reply_bytes = src->reply_bytes;
}
/* Return true if the specified client has pending reply buffers to write to
* the socket. */
int clientHasPendingReplies(client *c) {
return c->bufpos || listLength(c->reply);
}
#define MAX_ACCEPTS_PER_CALL 1000
static void acceptCommonHandler(int fd, int flags, char *ip) {
client *c;
if ((c = createClient(fd)) == NULL) {
serverLog(LL_WARNING,
"Error registering fd event for the new client: %s (fd=%d)",
strerror(errno),fd);
close(fd); /* May be already closed, just ignore errors */
return;
}
/* If maxclient directive is set and this is one client more... close the
* connection. Note that we create the client instead to check before
* for this condition, since now the socket is already set in non-blocking
* mode and we can send an error for free using the Kernel I/O */
if (listLength(server.clients) > server.maxclients) {
char *err = "-ERR max number of clients reached\r\n";
/* That's a best effort error message, don't check write errors */
if (write(c->fd,err,strlen(err)) == -1) {
/* Nothing to do, Just to avoid the warning... */
}
server.stat_rejected_conn++;
freeClient(c);
return;
}
/* If the server is running in protected mode (the default) and there
* is no password set, nor a specific interface is bound, we don't accept
* requests from non loopback interfaces. Instead we try to explain the
* user what to do to fix it if needed. */
if (server.protected_mode &&
server.bindaddr_count == 0 &&
server.requirepass == NULL &&
!(flags & CLIENT_UNIX_SOCKET) &&
ip != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(ip,"127.0.0.1") && strcmp(ip,"::1")) {
char *err =
"-DENIED Redis is running in protected mode because protected "
"mode is enabled, no bind address was specified, no "
"authentication password is requested to clients. In this mode "
"connections are only accepted from the loopback interface. "
"If you want to connect from external computers to Redis you "
"may adopt one of the following solutions: "
"1) Just disable protected mode sending the command "
"'CONFIG SET protected-mode no' from the loopback interface "
"by connecting to Redis from the same host the server is "
"running, however MAKE SURE Redis is not publicly accessible "
"from internet if you do so. Use CONFIG REWRITE to make this "
"change permanent. "
"2) Alternatively you can just disable the protected mode by "
"editing the Redis configuration file, and setting the protected "
"mode option to 'no', and then restarting the server. "
"3) If you started the server manually just for testing, restart "
"it with the '--protected-mode no' option. "
"4) Setup a bind address or an authentication password. "
"NOTE: You only need to do one of the above things in order for "
"the server to start accepting connections from the outside.\r\n";
if (write(c->fd,err,strlen(err)) == -1) {
/* Nothing to do, Just to avoid the warning... */
}
server.stat_rejected_conn++;
freeClient(c);
return;
}
}
server.stat_numconnections++;
c->flags |= flags;
}
void acceptTcpHandler(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask) {
int cport, cfd, max = MAX_ACCEPTS_PER_CALL;
char cip[NET_IP_STR_LEN];
UNUSED(el);
UNUSED(mask);
UNUSED(privdata);
while(max--) {
cfd = anetTcpAccept(server.neterr, fd, cip, sizeof(cip), &cport);
if (cfd == ANET_ERR) {
if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK)
serverLog(LL_WARNING,
"Accepting client connection: %s", server.neterr);
return;
}
serverLog(LL_VERBOSE,"Accepted %s:%d", cip, cport);
acceptCommonHandler(cfd,0,cip);
}
}
void acceptUnixHandler(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask) {
int cfd, max = MAX_ACCEPTS_PER_CALL;
UNUSED(el);
UNUSED(mask);
UNUSED(privdata);
while(max--) {
cfd = anetUnixAccept(server.neterr, fd);
if (cfd == ANET_ERR) {
if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK)
serverLog(LL_WARNING,
"Accepting client connection: %s", server.neterr);
return;
}
serverLog(LL_VERBOSE,"Accepted connection to %s", server.unixsocket);
acceptCommonHandler(cfd,CLIENT_UNIX_SOCKET,NULL);
}
}
static void freeClientArgv(client *c) {
int j;
for (j = 0; j < c->argc; j++)
decrRefCount(c->argv[j]);
c->argc = 0;
c->cmd = NULL;
}
/* Close all the slaves connections. This is useful in chained replication
* when we resync with our own master and want to force all our slaves to
* resync with us as well. */
void disconnectSlaves(void) {
while (listLength(server.slaves)) {
listNode *ln = listFirst(server.slaves);
freeClient((client*)ln->value);
}
}
/* Remove the specified client from global lists where the client could
* be referenced, not including the Pub/Sub channels.
* This is used by freeClient() and replicationCacheMaster(). */
void unlinkClient(client *c) {
listNode *ln;
/* If this is marked as current client unset it. */
if (server.current_client == c) server.current_client = NULL;
/* Certain operations must be done only if the client has an active socket.
* If the client was already unlinked or if it's a "fake client" the
* fd is already set to -1. */
if (c->fd != -1) {
/* Remove from the list of active clients. */
if (c->client_list_node) {
listDelNode(server.clients,c->client_list_node);
c->client_list_node = NULL;
}
/* Unregister async I/O handlers and close the socket. */
aeDeleteFileEvent(server.el,c->fd,AE_READABLE);
aeDeleteFileEvent(server.el,c->fd,AE_WRITABLE);
close(c->fd);
c->fd = -1;
}
/* Remove from the list of pending writes if needed. */
if (c->flags & CLIENT_PENDING_WRITE) {
ln = listSearchKey(server.clients_pending_write,c);
serverAssert(ln != NULL);
listDelNode(server.clients_pending_write,ln);
c->flags &= ~CLIENT_PENDING_WRITE;
}
/* When client was just unblocked because of a blocking operation,
* remove it from the list of unblocked clients. */
if (c->flags & CLIENT_UNBLOCKED) {
ln = listSearchKey(server.unblocked_clients,c);
serverAssert(ln != NULL);
listDelNode(server.unblocked_clients,ln);
c->flags &= ~CLIENT_UNBLOCKED;
}
}
void freeClient(client *c) {
listNode *ln;
/* If it is our master that's beging disconnected we should make sure
* to cache the state to try a partial resynchronization later.
*
* Note that before doing this we make sure that the client is not in
* some unexpected state, by checking its flags. */
if (server.master && c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER) {
serverLog(LL_WARNING,"Connection with master lost.");
if (!(c->flags & (CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY|
CLIENT_CLOSE_ASAP|
CLIENT_BLOCKED|
CLIENT_UNBLOCKED)))
{
replicationCacheMaster(c);
return;
}
}
/* Log link disconnection with slave */
if ((c->flags & CLIENT_SLAVE) && !(c->flags & CLIENT_MONITOR)) {
serverLog(LL_WARNING,"Connection with slave %s lost.",
replicationGetSlaveName(c));
}
/* Free the query buffer */
sdsfree(c->querybuf);
sdsfree(c->pending_querybuf);
c->querybuf = NULL;
/* Deallocate structures used to block on blocking ops. */
if (c->flags & CLIENT_BLOCKED) unblockClient(c);
dictRelease(c->bpop.keys);
/* UNWATCH all the keys */
unwatchAllKeys(c);
listRelease(c->watched_keys);
/* Unsubscribe from all the pubsub channels */
pubsubUnsubscribeAllChannels(c,0);
pubsubUnsubscribeAllPatterns(c,0);
dictRelease(c->pubsub_channels);
listRelease(c->pubsub_patterns);
/* Free data structures. */
listRelease(c->reply);
freeClientArgv(c);
/* Unlink the client: this will close the socket, remove the I/O
* handlers, and remove references of the client from different
* places where active clients may be referenced. */
unlinkClient(c);
/* Master/slave cleanup Case 1:
* we lost the connection with a slave. */
if (c->flags & CLIENT_SLAVE) {
if (c->replstate == SLAVE_STATE_SEND_BULK) {
if (c->repldbfd != -1) close(c->repldbfd);
if (c->replpreamble) sdsfree(c->replpreamble);
}
list *l = (c->flags & CLIENT_MONITOR) ? server.monitors : server.slaves;
ln = listSearchKey(l,c);
serverAssert(ln != NULL);
listDelNode(l,ln);
/* We need to remember the time when we started to have zero
* attached slaves, as after some time we'll free the replication
* backlog. */
if (c->flags & CLIENT_SLAVE && listLength(server.slaves) == 0)
server.repl_no_slaves_since = server.unixtime;
refreshGoodSlavesCount();
}
/* Master/slave cleanup Case 2:
* we lost the connection with the master. */
if (c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER) replicationHandleMasterDisconnection();
/* If this client was scheduled for async freeing we need to remove it
* from the queue. */
if (c->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_ASAP) {
ln = listSearchKey(server.clients_to_close,c);
serverAssert(ln != NULL);
listDelNode(server.clients_to_close,ln);
}
/* Release other dynamically allocated client structure fields,
* and finally release the client structure itself. */
if (c->name) decrRefCount(c->name);
zfree(c->argv);
freeClientMultiState(c);
sdsfree(c->peerid);
zfree(c);
}
/* Schedule a client to free it at a safe time in the serverCron() function.
* This function is useful when we need to terminate a client but we are in
* a context where calling freeClient() is not possible, because the client
* should be valid for the continuation of the flow of the program. */
void freeClientAsync(client *c) {
if (c->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_ASAP || c->flags & CLIENT_LUA) return;
c->flags |= CLIENT_CLOSE_ASAP;
listAddNodeTail(server.clients_to_close,c);
}
void freeClientsInAsyncFreeQueue(void) {
while (listLength(server.clients_to_close)) {
listNode *ln = listFirst(server.clients_to_close);
client *c = listNodeValue(ln);
c->flags &= ~CLIENT_CLOSE_ASAP;
freeClient(c);
listDelNode(server.clients_to_close,ln);
}
}
/* Write data in output buffers to client. Return C_OK if the client
* is still valid after the call, C_ERR if it was freed. */
int writeToClient(int fd, client *c, int handler_installed) {
ssize_t nwritten = 0, totwritten = 0;
size_t objlen;
sds o;
while(clientHasPendingReplies(c)) {
if (c->bufpos > 0) {
nwritten = write(fd,c->buf+c->sentlen,c->bufpos-c->sentlen);
if (nwritten <= 0) break;
c->sentlen += nwritten;
totwritten += nwritten;
/* If the buffer was sent, set bufpos to zero to continue with
* the remainder of the reply. */
if ((int)c->sentlen == c->bufpos) {
c->bufpos = 0;
c->sentlen = 0;
}
} else {
o = listNodeValue(listFirst(c->reply));
objlen = sdslen(o);
if (objlen == 0) {
listDelNode(c->reply,listFirst(c->reply));
continue;
}
nwritten = write(fd, o + c->sentlen, objlen - c->sentlen);
if (nwritten <= 0) break;
c->sentlen += nwritten;
totwritten += nwritten;
/* If we fully sent the object on head go to the next one */
if (c->sentlen == objlen) {
listDelNode(c->reply,listFirst(c->reply));
c->sentlen = 0;
c->reply_bytes -= objlen;
/* If there are no longer objects in the list, we expect
* the count of reply bytes to be exactly zero. */
if (listLength(c->reply) == 0)
serverAssert(c->reply_bytes == 0);
}
}
/* Note that we avoid to send more than NET_MAX_WRITES_PER_EVENT
* bytes, in a single threaded server it's a good idea to serve
* other clients as well, even if a very large request comes from
* super fast link that is always able to accept data (in real world
* scenario think about 'KEYS *' against the loopback interface).
*
* However if we are over the maxmemory limit we ignore that and
* just deliver as much data as it is possible to deliver.
*
* Moreover, we also send as much as possible if the client is
* a slave (otherwise, on high-speed traffic, the replication
* buffer will grow indefinitely) */
if (totwritten > NET_MAX_WRITES_PER_EVENT &&
(server.maxmemory == 0 ||
zmalloc_used_memory() < server.maxmemory) &&
!(c->flags & CLIENT_SLAVE)) break;
}
server.stat_net_output_bytes += totwritten;
if (nwritten == -1) {
if (errno == EAGAIN) {
nwritten = 0;
} else {
serverLog(LL_VERBOSE,
"Error writing to client: %s", strerror(errno));
freeClient(c);
return C_ERR;
}
}
if (totwritten > 0) {
/* For clients representing masters we don't count sending data
* as an interaction, since we always send REPLCONF ACK commands
* that take some time to just fill the socket output buffer.
* We just rely on data / pings received for timeout detection. */
if (!(c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER)) c->lastinteraction = server.unixtime;
}
if (!clientHasPendingReplies(c)) {
c->sentlen = 0;
if (handler_installed) aeDeleteFileEvent(server.el,c->fd,AE_WRITABLE);
/* Close connection after entire reply has been sent. */
if (c->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY) {
freeClient(c);
return C_ERR;
}
}
return C_OK;
}
/* Write event handler. Just send data to the client. */
void sendReplyToClient(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask) {
UNUSED(el);
UNUSED(mask);
writeToClient(fd,privdata,1);
}
/* This function is called just before entering the event loop, in the hope
* we can just write the replies to the client output buffer without any
* need to use a syscall in order to install the writable event handler,
* get it called, and so forth. */
int handleClientsWithPendingWrites(void) {
listIter li;
listNode *ln;
int processed = listLength(server.clients_pending_write);
listRewind(server.clients_pending_write,&li);
while((ln = listNext(&li))) {
client *c = listNodeValue(ln);
c->flags &= ~CLIENT_PENDING_WRITE;
listDelNode(server.clients_pending_write,ln);
/* Try to write buffers to the client socket. */
if (writeToClient(c->fd,c,0) == C_ERR) continue;
/* If after the synchronous writes above we still have data to
* output to the client, we need to install the writable handler. */
if (clientHasPendingReplies(c)) {
int ae_flags = AE_WRITABLE;
/* For the fsync=always policy, we want that a given FD is never
* served for reading and writing in the same event loop iteration,
* so that in the middle of receiving the query, and serving it
* to the client, we'll call beforeSleep() that will do the
* actual fsync of AOF to disk. AE_BARRIER ensures that. */
if (server.aof_state == AOF_ON &&
server.aof_fsync == AOF_FSYNC_ALWAYS)
{
ae_flags |= AE_BARRIER;
}
if (aeCreateFileEvent(server.el, c->fd, ae_flags,
sendReplyToClient, c) == AE_ERR)
{
freeClientAsync(c);
}
}
}
return processed;
}
/* resetClient prepare the client to process the next command */
void resetClient(client *c) {
redisCommandProc *prevcmd = c->cmd ? c->cmd->proc : NULL;
freeClientArgv(c);
c->reqtype = 0;
c->multibulklen = 0;
c->bulklen = -1;
/* We clear the ASKING flag as well if we are not inside a MULTI, and
* if what we just executed is not the ASKING command itself. */
if (!(c->flags & CLIENT_MULTI) && prevcmd != askingCommand)
c->flags &= ~CLIENT_ASKING;
/* Remove the CLIENT_REPLY_SKIP flag if any so that the reply
* to the next command will be sent, but set the flag if the command
* we just processed was "CLIENT REPLY SKIP". */
c->flags &= ~CLIENT_REPLY_SKIP;
if (c->flags & CLIENT_REPLY_SKIP_NEXT) {
c->flags |= CLIENT_REPLY_SKIP;
c->flags &= ~CLIENT_REPLY_SKIP_NEXT;
}
}
/* Like processMultibulkBuffer(), but for the inline protocol instead of RESP,
* this function consumes the client query buffer and creates a command ready
* to be executed inside the client structure. Returns C_OK if the command
* is ready to be executed, or C_ERR if there is still protocol to read to
* have a well formed command. The function also returns C_ERR when there is
* a protocol error: in such a case the client structure is setup to reply
* with the error and close the connection. */
int processInlineBuffer(client *c) {
char *newline;
int argc, j;
sds *argv, aux;
size_t querylen;
/* Search for end of line */
newline = strchr(c->querybuf,'\n');
/* Nothing to do without a \r\n */
if (newline == NULL) {
if (sdslen(c->querybuf) > PROTO_INLINE_MAX_SIZE) {
addReplyError(c,"Protocol error: too big inline request");
setProtocolError("too big inline request",c,0);
}
return C_ERR;
}
/* Handle the \r\n case. */
if (newline && newline != c->querybuf && *(newline-1) == '\r')
newline--;
/* Split the input buffer up to the \r\n */
querylen = newline-(c->querybuf);
aux = sdsnewlen(c->querybuf,querylen);
argv = sdssplitargs(aux,&argc);
sdsfree(aux);
if (argv == NULL) {
addReplyError(c,"Protocol error: unbalanced quotes in request");
setProtocolError("unbalanced quotes in inline request",c,0);
return C_ERR;
}
/* Newline from slaves can be used to refresh the last ACK time.
* This is useful for a slave to ping back while loading a big
* RDB file. */
if (querylen == 0 && c->flags & CLIENT_SLAVE)
c->repl_ack_time = server.unixtime;
/* Leave data after the first line of the query in the buffer */
sdsrange(c->querybuf,querylen+2,-1);
/* Setup argv array on client structure */
if (argc) {
if (c->argv) zfree(c->argv);
c->argv = zmalloc(sizeof(robj*)*argc);
}
/* Create redis objects for all arguments. */
for (c->argc = 0, j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
if (sdslen(argv[j])) {
c->argv[c->argc] = createObject(OBJ_STRING,argv[j]);
c->argc++;
} else {
sdsfree(argv[j]);
}
}
zfree(argv);
return C_OK;
}
/* Helper function. Trims query buffer to make the function that processes
* multi bulk requests idempotent. */
#define PROTO_DUMP_LEN 128
static void setProtocolError(const char *errstr, client *c, long pos) {
if (server.verbosity <= LL_VERBOSE) {
sds client = catClientInfoString(sdsempty(),c);
/* Sample some protocol to given an idea about what was inside. */
char buf[256];
if (sdslen(c->querybuf) < PROTO_DUMP_LEN) {
snprintf(buf,sizeof(buf),"Query buffer during protocol error: '%s'", c->querybuf);
} else {
snprintf(buf,sizeof(buf),"Query buffer during protocol error: '%.*s' (... more %zu bytes ...) '%.*s'", PROTO_DUMP_LEN/2, c->querybuf, sdslen(c->querybuf)-PROTO_DUMP_LEN, PROTO_DUMP_LEN/2, c->querybuf+sdslen(c->querybuf)-PROTO_DUMP_LEN/2);
}
/* Remove non printable chars. */
char *p = buf;
while (*p != '\0') {
if (!isprint(*p)) *p = '.';
p++;
}
/* Log all the client and protocol info. */
serverLog(LL_VERBOSE,
"Protocol error (%s) from client: %s. %s", errstr, client, buf);
sdsfree(client);
}
c->flags |= CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY;
sdsrange(c->querybuf,pos,-1);
}
/* Process the query buffer for client 'c', setting up the client argument
* vector for command execution. Returns C_OK if after running the function
* the client has a well-formed ready to be processed command, otherwise
* C_ERR if there is still to read more buffer to get the full command.
* The function also returns C_ERR when there is a protocol error: in such a
* case the client structure is setup to reply with the error and close
* the connection.
*
* This function is called if processInputBuffer() detects that the next
* command is in RESP format, so the first byte in the command is found
* to be '*'. Otherwise for inline commands processInlineBuffer() is called. */
int processMultibulkBuffer(client *c) {
char *newline = NULL;
long pos = 0;
int ok;
long long ll;
if (c->multibulklen == 0) {
/* The client should have been reset */
serverAssertWithInfo(c,NULL,c->argc == 0);
/* Multi bulk length cannot be read without a \r\n */
newline = strchr(c->querybuf,'\r');
if (newline == NULL) {
if (sdslen(c->querybuf) > PROTO_INLINE_MAX_SIZE) {
addReplyError(c,"Protocol error: too big mbulk count string");
setProtocolError("too big mbulk count string",c,0);
}
return C_ERR;
}
/* Buffer should also contain \n */
if (newline-(c->querybuf) > ((signed)sdslen(c->querybuf)-2))
return C_ERR;
/* We know for sure there is a whole line since newline != NULL,
* so go ahead and find out the multi bulk length. */
serverAssertWithInfo(c,NULL,c->querybuf[0] == '*');
ok = string2ll(c->querybuf+1,newline-(c->querybuf+1),&ll);
if (!ok || ll > 1024*1024) {
addReplyError(c,"Protocol error: invalid multibulk length");
setProtocolError("invalid mbulk count",c,pos);
return C_ERR;
}
pos = (newline-c->querybuf)+2;
if (ll <= 0) {
sdsrange(c->querybuf,pos,-1);
return C_OK;
}
c->multibulklen = ll;
/* Setup argv array on client structure */
if (c->argv) zfree(c->argv);
c->argv = zmalloc(sizeof(robj*)*c->multibulklen);
}
serverAssertWithInfo(c,NULL,c->multibulklen > 0);
while(c->multibulklen) {
/* Read bulk length if unknown */
if (c->bulklen == -1) {
newline = strchr(c->querybuf+pos,'\r');
if (newline == NULL) {
if (sdslen(c->querybuf) > PROTO_INLINE_MAX_SIZE) {
addReplyError(c,
"Protocol error: too big bulk count string");
setProtocolError("too big bulk count string",c,0);
return C_ERR;
}
break;
}
/* Buffer should also contain \n */
if (newline-(c->querybuf) > ((signed)sdslen(c->querybuf)-2))
break;
if (c->querybuf[pos] != '$') {
addReplyErrorFormat(c,
"Protocol error: expected '$', got '%c'",
c->querybuf[pos]);
setProtocolError("expected $ but got something else",c,pos);
return C_ERR;
}
ok = string2ll(c->querybuf+pos+1,newline-(c->querybuf+pos+1),&ll);
if (!ok || ll < 0 || ll > server.proto_max_bulk_len) {
addReplyError(c,"Protocol error: invalid bulk length");
setProtocolError("invalid bulk length",c,pos);
return C_ERR;
}
pos += newline-(c->querybuf+pos)+2;
if (ll >= PROTO_MBULK_BIG_ARG) {
size_t qblen;
/* If we are going to read a large object from network
* try to make it likely that it will start at c->querybuf
* boundary so that we can optimize object creation
* avoiding a large copy of data. */
sdsrange(c->querybuf,pos,-1);
pos = 0;
qblen = sdslen(c->querybuf);
/* Hint the sds library about the amount of bytes this string is
* going to contain. */
if (qblen < (size_t)ll+2)
c->querybuf = sdsMakeRoomFor(c->querybuf,ll+2-qblen);
}
c->bulklen = ll;
}
/* Read bulk argument */
if (sdslen(c->querybuf)-pos < (size_t)(c->bulklen+2)) {
/* Not enough data (+2 == trailing \r\n) */
break;
} else {
/* Optimization: if the buffer contains JUST our bulk element
* instead of creating a new object by *copying* the sds we
* just use the current sds string. */
if (pos == 0 &&
c->bulklen >= PROTO_MBULK_BIG_ARG &&
sdslen(c->querybuf) == (size_t)(c->bulklen+2))
{
c->argv[c->argc++] = createObject(OBJ_STRING,c->querybuf);
sdsIncrLen(c->querybuf,-2); /* remove CRLF */
/* Assume that if we saw a fat argument we'll see another one
* likely... */
c->querybuf = sdsnewlen(SDS_NOINIT,c->bulklen+2);
sdsclear(c->querybuf);
pos = 0;
} else {
c->argv[c->argc++] =
createStringObject(c->querybuf+pos,c->bulklen);
pos += c->bulklen+2;
}
c->bulklen = -1;
c->multibulklen--;
}
}
/* Trim to pos */
if (pos) sdsrange(c->querybuf,pos,-1);
/* We're done when c->multibulk == 0 */
if (c->multibulklen == 0) return C_OK;
/* Still not ready to process the command */
return C_ERR;
}
/* This function is called every time, in the client structure 'c', there is
* more query buffer to process, because we read more data from the socket
* or because a client was blocked and later reactivated, so there could be
* pending query buffer, already representing a full command, to process. */
void processInputBuffer(client *c) {
server.current_client = c;
/* Keep processing while there is something in the input buffer */
while(sdslen(c->querybuf)) {
/* Return if clients are paused. */
if (!(c->flags & CLIENT_SLAVE) && clientsArePaused()) break;
/* Immediately abort if the client is in the middle of something. */
if (c->flags & CLIENT_BLOCKED) break;
/* CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY closes the connection once the reply is
* written to the client. Make sure to not let the reply grow after
* this flag has been set (i.e. don't process more commands).
*
* The same applies for clients we want to terminate ASAP. */
if (c->flags & (CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY|CLIENT_CLOSE_ASAP)) break;
/* Determine request type when unknown. */
if (!c->reqtype) {
if (c->querybuf[0] == '*') {
c->reqtype = PROTO_REQ_MULTIBULK;
} else {
c->reqtype = PROTO_REQ_INLINE;
}
}
if (c->reqtype == PROTO_REQ_INLINE) {
if (processInlineBuffer(c) != C_OK) break;
} else if (c->reqtype == PROTO_REQ_MULTIBULK) {
if (processMultibulkBuffer(c) != C_OK) break;
} else {
serverPanic("Unknown request type");
}
/* Multibulk processing could see a <= 0 length. */
if (c->argc == 0) {
resetClient(c);
} else {
/* Only reset the client when the command was executed. */
if (processCommand(c) == C_OK) {
if (c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER && !(c->flags & CLIENT_MULTI)) {
/* Update the applied replication offset of our master. */
c->reploff = c->read_reploff - sdslen(c->querybuf);
}
/* Don't reset the client structure for clients blocked in a
* module blocking command, so that the reply callback will
* still be able to access the client argv and argc field.
* The client will be reset in unblockClientFromModule(). */
if (!(c->flags & CLIENT_BLOCKED) || c->btype != BLOCKED_MODULE)
resetClient(c);
}
/* freeMemoryIfNeeded may flush slave output buffers. This may
* result into a slave, that may be the active client, to be
* freed. */
if (server.current_client == NULL) break;
}
}
server.current_client = NULL;
}
void readQueryFromClient(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask) {
client *c = (client*) privdata;
int nread, readlen;
size_t qblen;
UNUSED(el);
UNUSED(mask);
readlen = PROTO_IOBUF_LEN;
/* If this is a multi bulk request, and we are processing a bulk reply
* that is large enough, try to maximize the probability that the query
* buffer contains exactly the SDS string representing the object, even
* at the risk of requiring more read(2) calls. This way the function
* processMultiBulkBuffer() can avoid copying buffers to create the
* Redis Object representing the argument. */
if (c->reqtype == PROTO_REQ_MULTIBULK && c->multibulklen && c->bulklen != -1
&& c->bulklen >= PROTO_MBULK_BIG_ARG)
{
ssize_t remaining = (size_t)(c->bulklen+2)-sdslen(c->querybuf);
if (remaining < readlen) readlen = remaining;
}
qblen = sdslen(c->querybuf);
if (c->querybuf_peak < qblen) c->querybuf_peak = qblen;
c->querybuf = sdsMakeRoomFor(c->querybuf, readlen);
nread = read(fd, c->querybuf+qblen, readlen);
if (nread == -1) {
if (errno == EAGAIN) {
return;
} else {
serverLog(LL_VERBOSE, "Reading from client: %s",strerror(errno));
freeClient(c);
return;
}
} else if (nread == 0) {
serverLog(LL_VERBOSE, "Client closed connection");
freeClient(c);
return;
} else if (c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER) {
/* Append the query buffer to the pending (not applied) buffer
* of the master. We'll use this buffer later in order to have a
* copy of the string applied by the last command executed. */
c->pending_querybuf = sdscatlen(c->pending_querybuf,
c->querybuf+qblen,nread);
}
sdsIncrLen(c->querybuf,nread);
c->lastinteraction = server.unixtime;
if (c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER) c->read_reploff += nread;
server.stat_net_input_bytes += nread;
if (sdslen(c->querybuf) > server.client_max_querybuf_len) {
sds ci = catClientInfoString(sdsempty(),c), bytes = sdsempty();
bytes = sdscatrepr(bytes,c->querybuf,64);
serverLog(LL_WARNING,"Closing client that reached max query buffer length: %s (qbuf initial bytes: %s)", ci, bytes);
sdsfree(ci);
sdsfree(bytes);
freeClient(c);
return;
}
/* Time to process the buffer. If the client is a master we need to
* compute the difference between the applied offset before and after
* processing the buffer, to understand how much of the replication stream
* was actually applied to the master state: this quantity, and its
* corresponding part of the replication stream, will be propagated to
* the sub-slaves and to the replication backlog. */
if (!(c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER)) {
processInputBuffer(c);
} else {
size_t prev_offset = c->reploff;
processInputBuffer(c);
size_t applied = c->reploff - prev_offset;
if (applied) {
replicationFeedSlavesFromMasterStream(server.slaves,
c->pending_querybuf, applied);
sdsrange(c->pending_querybuf,applied,-1);
}
}
}
void getClientsMaxBuffers(unsigned long *longest_output_list,
unsigned long *biggest_input_buffer) {
client *c;
listNode *ln;
listIter li;
unsigned long lol = 0, bib = 0;
listRewind(server.clients,&li);
while ((ln = listNext(&li)) != NULL) {
c = listNodeValue(ln);
if (listLength(c->reply) > lol) lol = listLength(c->reply);
if (sdslen(c->querybuf) > bib) bib = sdslen(c->querybuf);
}
*longest_output_list = lol;
*biggest_input_buffer = bib;
}
/* A Redis "Peer ID" is a colon separated ip:port pair.
* For IPv4 it's in the form x.y.z.k:port, example: "127.0.0.1:1234".
* For IPv6 addresses we use [] around the IP part, like in "[::1]:1234".
* For Unix sockets we use path:0, like in "/tmp/redis:0".
*
* A Peer ID always fits inside a buffer of NET_PEER_ID_LEN bytes, including
* the null term.
*
* On failure the function still populates 'peerid' with the "?:0" string
* in case you want to relax error checking or need to display something
* anyway (see anetPeerToString implementation for more info). */
void genClientPeerId(client *client, char *peerid,
size_t peerid_len) {
if (client->flags & CLIENT_UNIX_SOCKET) {
/* Unix socket client. */
snprintf(peerid,peerid_len,"%s:0",server.unixsocket);
} else {
/* TCP client. */
anetFormatPeer(client->fd,peerid,peerid_len);
}
}
/* This function returns the client peer id, by creating and caching it
* if client->peerid is NULL, otherwise returning the cached value.
* The Peer ID never changes during the life of the client, however it
* is expensive to compute. */
char *getClientPeerId(client *c) {
char peerid[NET_PEER_ID_LEN];
if (c->peerid == NULL) {
genClientPeerId(c,peerid,sizeof(peerid));
c->peerid = sdsnew(peerid);
}
return c->peerid;
}
/* Concatenate a string representing the state of a client in an human
* readable format, into the sds string 's'. */
sds catClientInfoString(sds s, client *client) {
char flags[16], events[3], *p;
int emask;
p = flags;
if (client->flags & CLIENT_SLAVE) {
if (client->flags & CLIENT_MONITOR)
*p++ = 'O';
else
*p++ = 'S';
}
if (client->flags & CLIENT_MASTER) *p++ = 'M';
if (client->flags & CLIENT_MULTI) *p++ = 'x';
if (client->flags & CLIENT_BLOCKED) *p++ = 'b';
if (client->flags & CLIENT_DIRTY_CAS) *p++ = 'd';
if (client->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY) *p++ = 'c';
if (client->flags & CLIENT_UNBLOCKED) *p++ = 'u';
if (client->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_ASAP) *p++ = 'A';
if (client->flags & CLIENT_UNIX_SOCKET) *p++ = 'U';
if (client->flags & CLIENT_READONLY) *p++ = 'r';
if (p == flags) *p++ = 'N';
*p++ = '\0';
emask = client->fd == -1 ? 0 : aeGetFileEvents(server.el,client->fd);
p = events;
if (emask & AE_READABLE) *p++ = 'r';
if (emask & AE_WRITABLE) *p++ = 'w';
*p = '\0';
return sdscatfmt(s,
"id=%U addr=%s fd=%i name=%s age=%I idle=%I flags=%s db=%i sub=%i psub=%i multi=%i qbuf=%U qbuf-free=%U obl=%U oll=%U omem=%U events=%s cmd=%s",
(unsigned long long) client->id,
getClientPeerId(client),
client->fd,
client->name ? (char*)client->name->ptr : "",
(long long)(server.unixtime - client->ctime),
(long long)(server.unixtime - client->lastinteraction),
flags,
client->db->id,
(int) dictSize(client->pubsub_channels),
(int) listLength(client->pubsub_patterns),
(client->flags & CLIENT_MULTI) ? client->mstate.count : -1,
(unsigned long long) sdslen(client->querybuf),
(unsigned long long) sdsavail(client->querybuf),
(unsigned long long) client->bufpos,
(unsigned long long) listLength(client->reply),
(unsigned long long) getClientOutputBufferMemoryUsage(client),
events,
client->lastcmd ? client->lastcmd->name : "NULL");
}
sds getAllClientsInfoString(void) {
listNode *ln;
listIter li;
client *client;
sds o = sdsnewlen(SDS_NOINIT,200*listLength(server.clients));
sdsclear(o);
listRewind(server.clients,&li);
while ((ln = listNext(&li)) != NULL) {
client = listNodeValue(ln);
o = catClientInfoString(o,client);
o = sdscatlen(o,"\n",1);
}
return o;
}
void clientCommand(client *c) {
listNode *ln;
listIter li;
client *client;
if (c->argc == 2 && !strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"help")) {
const char *help[] = {
"getname -- Return the name of the current connection.",
"kill <ip:port> -- Kill connection made from <ip:port>.",
"kill <option> <value> [option value ...] -- Kill connections. Options are:",
" addr <ip:port> -- Kill connection made from <ip:port>.",
" type (normal|master|slave|pubsub) -- Kill connections by type.",
" skipme (yes|no) -- Skip killing current connection (default: yes).",
"list -- Return information about client connections.",
"pause <timeout> -- Suspend all Redis clients for <timout> milliseconds.",
"reply (on|off|skip) -- Control the replies sent to the current connection.",
"setname <name> -- Assign the name <name> to the current connection.",
NULL
};
addReplyHelp(c, help);
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"list") && c->argc == 2) {
/* CLIENT LIST */
sds o = getAllClientsInfoString();
addReplyBulkCBuffer(c,o,sdslen(o));
sdsfree(o);
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"reply") && c->argc == 3) {
/* CLIENT REPLY ON|OFF|SKIP */
if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[2]->ptr,"on")) {
c->flags &= ~(CLIENT_REPLY_SKIP|CLIENT_REPLY_OFF);
addReply(c,shared.ok);
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[2]->ptr,"off")) {
c->flags |= CLIENT_REPLY_OFF;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[2]->ptr,"skip")) {
if (!(c->flags & CLIENT_REPLY_OFF))
c->flags |= CLIENT_REPLY_SKIP_NEXT;
} else {
addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
return;
}
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"kill")) {
/* CLIENT KILL <ip:port>
* CLIENT KILL <option> [value] ... <option> [value] */
char *addr = NULL;
int type = -1;
uint64_t id = 0;
int skipme = 1;
int killed = 0, close_this_client = 0;
if (c->argc == 3) {
/* Old style syntax: CLIENT KILL <addr> */
addr = c->argv[2]->ptr;
skipme = 0; /* With the old form, you can kill yourself. */
} else if (c->argc > 3) {
int i = 2; /* Next option index. */
/* New style syntax: parse options. */
while(i < c->argc) {
int moreargs = c->argc > i+1;
if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[i]->ptr,"id") && moreargs) {
long long tmp;
if (getLongLongFromObjectOrReply(c,c->argv[i+1],&tmp,NULL)
!= C_OK) return;
id = tmp;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[i]->ptr,"type") && moreargs) {
type = getClientTypeByName(c->argv[i+1]->ptr);
if (type == -1) {
addReplyErrorFormat(c,"Unknown client type '%s'",
(char*) c->argv[i+1]->ptr);
return;
}
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[i]->ptr,"addr") && moreargs) {
addr = c->argv[i+1]->ptr;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[i]->ptr,"skipme") && moreargs) {
if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[i+1]->ptr,"yes")) {
skipme = 1;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[i+1]->ptr,"no")) {
skipme = 0;
} else {
addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
return;
}
} else {
addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
return;
}
i += 2;
}
} else {
addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
return;
}
/* Iterate clients killing all the matching clients. */
listRewind(server.clients,&li);
while ((ln = listNext(&li)) != NULL) {
client = listNodeValue(ln);
if (addr && strcmp(getClientPeerId(client),addr) != 0) continue;
if (type != -1 && getClientType(client) != type) continue;
if (id != 0 && client->id != id) continue;
if (c == client && skipme) continue;
/* Kill it. */
if (c == client) {
close_this_client = 1;
} else {
freeClient(client);
}
killed++;
}
/* Reply according to old/new format. */
if (c->argc == 3) {
if (killed == 0)
addReplyError(c,"No such client");
else
addReply(c,shared.ok);
} else {
addReplyLongLong(c,killed);
}
/* If this client has to be closed, flag it as CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY
* only after we queued the reply to its output buffers. */
if (close_this_client) c->flags |= CLIENT_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"setname") && c->argc == 3) {
int j, len = sdslen(c->argv[2]->ptr);
char *p = c->argv[2]->ptr;
/* Setting the client name to an empty string actually removes
* the current name. */
if (len == 0) {
if (c->name) decrRefCount(c->name);
c->name = NULL;
addReply(c,shared.ok);
return;
}
/* Otherwise check if the charset is ok. We need to do this otherwise
* CLIENT LIST format will break. You should always be able to
* split by space to get the different fields. */
for (j = 0; j < len; j++) {
if (p[j] < '!' || p[j] > '~') { /* ASCII is assumed. */
addReplyError(c,
"Client names cannot contain spaces, "
"newlines or special characters.");
return;
}
}
if (c->name) decrRefCount(c->name);
c->name = c->argv[2];
incrRefCount(c->name);
addReply(c,shared.ok);
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"getname") && c->argc == 2) {
if (c->name)
addReplyBulk(c,c->name);
else
addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[1]->ptr,"pause") && c->argc == 3) {
long long duration;
if (getTimeoutFromObjectOrReply(c,c->argv[2],&duration,UNIT_MILLISECONDS)
!= C_OK) return;
pauseClients(duration);
addReply(c,shared.ok);
} else {
addReplyErrorFormat(c, "Unknown subcommand or wrong number of arguments for '%s'. Try CLIENT HELP", (char*)c->argv[1]->ptr);
}
}
/* This callback is bound to POST and "Host:" command names. Those are not
* really commands, but are used in security attacks in order to talk to
* Redis instances via HTTP, with a technique called "cross protocol scripting"
* which exploits the fact that services like Redis will discard invalid
* HTTP headers and will process what follows.
*
* As a protection against this attack, Redis will terminate the connection
* when a POST or "Host:" header is seen, and will log the event from
* time to time (to avoid creating a DOS as a result of too many logs). */
void securityWarningCommand(client *c) {
static time_t logged_time;
time_t now = time(NULL);
if (labs(now-logged_time) > 60) {
serverLog(LL_WARNING,"Possible SECURITY ATTACK detected. It looks like somebody is sending POST or Host: commands to Redis. This is likely due to an attacker attempting to use Cross Protocol Scripting to compromise your Redis instance. Connection aborted.");
logged_time = now;
}
freeClientAsync(c);
}
/* Rewrite the command vector of the client. All the new objects ref count
* is incremented. The old command vector is freed, and the old objects
* ref count is decremented. */
void rewriteClientCommandVector(client *c, int argc, ...) {
va_list ap;
int j;
robj **argv; /* The new argument vector */
argv = zmalloc(sizeof(robj*)*argc);
va_start(ap,argc);
for (j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
robj *a;
a = va_arg(ap, robj*);
argv[j] = a;
incrRefCount(a);
}
/* We free the objects in the original vector at the end, so we are
* sure that if the same objects are reused in the new vector the
* refcount gets incremented before it gets decremented. */
for (j = 0; j < c->argc; j++) decrRefCount(c->argv[j]);
zfree(c->argv);
/* Replace argv and argc with our new versions. */
c->argv = argv;
c->argc = argc;
c->cmd = lookupCommandOrOriginal(c->argv[0]->ptr);
serverAssertWithInfo(c,NULL,c->cmd != NULL);
va_end(ap);
}
/* Completely replace the client command vector with the provided one. */
void replaceClientCommandVector(client *c, int argc, robj **argv) {
freeClientArgv(c);
zfree(c->argv);
c->argv = argv;
c->argc = argc;
c->cmd = lookupCommandOrOriginal(c->argv[0]->ptr);
serverAssertWithInfo(c,NULL,c->cmd != NULL);
}
/* Rewrite a single item in the command vector.
* The new val ref count is incremented, and the old decremented.
*
* It is possible to specify an argument over the current size of the
* argument vector: in this case the array of objects gets reallocated
* and c->argc set to the max value. However it's up to the caller to
*
* 1. Make sure there are no "holes" and all the arguments are set.
* 2. If the original argument vector was longer than the one we
* want to end with, it's up to the caller to set c->argc and
* free the no longer used objects on c->argv. */
void rewriteClientCommandArgument(client *c, int i, robj *newval) {
robj *oldval;
if (i >= c->argc) {
c->argv = zrealloc(c->argv,sizeof(robj*)*(i+1));
c->argc = i+1;
c->argv[i] = NULL;
}
oldval = c->argv[i];
c->argv[i] = newval;
incrRefCount(newval);
if (oldval) decrRefCount(oldval);
/* If this is the command name make sure to fix c->cmd. */
if (i == 0) {
c->cmd = lookupCommandOrOriginal(c->argv[0]->ptr);
serverAssertWithInfo(c,NULL,c->cmd != NULL);
}
}
/* This function returns the number of bytes that Redis is virtually
* using to store the reply still not read by the client.
* It is "virtual" since the reply output list may contain objects that
* are shared and are not really using additional memory.
*
* The function returns the total sum of the length of all the objects
* stored in the output list, plus the memory used to allocate every
* list node. The static reply buffer is not taken into account since it
* is allocated anyway.
*
* Note: this function is very fast so can be called as many time as
* the caller wishes. The main usage of this function currently is
* enforcing the client output length limits. */
unsigned long getClientOutputBufferMemoryUsage(client *c) {
unsigned long list_item_size = sizeof(listNode)+5;
/* The +5 above means we assume an sds16 hdr, may not be true
* but is not going to be a problem. */
return c->reply_bytes + (list_item_size*listLength(c->reply));
}
/* Get the class of a client, used in order to enforce limits to different
* classes of clients.
*
* The function will return one of the following:
* CLIENT_TYPE_NORMAL -> Normal client
* CLIENT_TYPE_SLAVE -> Slave or client executing MONITOR command
* CLIENT_TYPE_PUBSUB -> Client subscribed to Pub/Sub channels
* CLIENT_TYPE_MASTER -> The client representing our replication master.
*/
int getClientType(client *c) {
if (c->flags & CLIENT_MASTER) return CLIENT_TYPE_MASTER;
if ((c->flags & CLIENT_SLAVE) && !(c->flags & CLIENT_MONITOR))
return CLIENT_TYPE_SLAVE;
if (c->flags & CLIENT_PUBSUB) return CLIENT_TYPE_PUBSUB;
return CLIENT_TYPE_NORMAL;
}
int getClientTypeByName(char *name) {
if (!strcasecmp(name,"normal")) return CLIENT_TYPE_NORMAL;
else if (!strcasecmp(name,"slave")) return CLIENT_TYPE_SLAVE;
else if (!strcasecmp(name,"pubsub")) return CLIENT_TYPE_PUBSUB;
else if (!strcasecmp(name,"master")) return CLIENT_TYPE_MASTER;
else return -1;
}
char *getClientTypeName(int class) {
switch(class) {
case CLIENT_TYPE_NORMAL: return "normal";
case CLIENT_TYPE_SLAVE: return "slave";
case CLIENT_TYPE_PUBSUB: return "pubsub";
case CLIENT_TYPE_MASTER: return "master";
default: return NULL;
}
}
/* The function checks if the client reached output buffer soft or hard
* limit, and also update the state needed to check the soft limit as
* a side effect.
*
* Return value: non-zero if the client reached the soft or the hard limit.
* Otherwise zero is returned. */
int checkClientOutputBufferLimits(client *c) {
int soft = 0, hard = 0, class;
unsigned long used_mem = getClientOutputBufferMemoryUsage(c);
class = getClientType(c);
/* For the purpose of output buffer limiting, masters are handled
* like normal clients. */
if (class == CLIENT_TYPE_MASTER) class = CLIENT_TYPE_NORMAL;
if (server.client_obuf_limits[class].hard_limit_bytes &&
used_mem >= server.client_obuf_limits[class].hard_limit_bytes)
hard = 1;
if (server.client_obuf_limits[class].soft_limit_bytes &&
used_mem >= server.client_obuf_limits[class].soft_limit_bytes)
soft = 1;
/* We need to check if the soft limit is reached continuously for the
* specified amount of seconds. */
if (soft) {
if (c->obuf_soft_limit_reached_time == 0) {
c->obuf_soft_limit_reached_time = server.unixtime;
soft = 0; /* First time we see the soft limit reached */
} else {
time_t elapsed = server.unixtime - c->obuf_soft_limit_reached_time;
if (elapsed <=
server.client_obuf_limits[class].soft_limit_seconds) {
soft = 0; /* The client still did not reached the max number of
seconds for the soft limit to be considered
reached. */
}
}
} else {
c->obuf_soft_limit_reached_time = 0;
}
return soft || hard;
}
/* Asynchronously close a client if soft or hard limit is reached on the
* output buffer size. The caller can check if the client will be closed
* checking if the client CLIENT_CLOSE_ASAP flag is set.
*
* Note: we need to close the client asynchronously because this function is
* called from contexts where the client can't be freed safely, i.e. from the
* lower level functions pushing data inside the client output buffers. */
void asyncCloseClientOnOutputBufferLimitReached(client *c) {
serverAssert(c->reply_bytes < SIZE_MAX-(1024*64));
if (c->reply_bytes == 0 || c->flags & CLIENT_CLOSE_ASAP) return;
if (checkClientOutputBufferLimits(c)) {
sds client = catClientInfoString(sdsempty(),c);
freeClientAsync(c);
serverLog(LL_WARNING,"Client %s scheduled to be closed ASAP for overcoming of output buffer limits.", client);
sdsfree(client);
}
}
/* Helper function used by freeMemoryIfNeeded() in order to flush slaves
* output buffers without returning control to the event loop.
* This is also called by SHUTDOWN for a best-effort attempt to send
* slaves the latest writes. */
void flushSlavesOutputBuffers(void) {
listIter li;
listNode *ln;
listRewind(server.slaves,&li);
while((ln = listNext(&li))) {
client *slave = listNodeValue(ln);
int events;
/* Note that the following will not flush output buffers of slaves
* in STATE_ONLINE but having put_online_on_ack set to true: in this
* case the writable event is never installed, since the purpose
* of put_online_on_ack is to postpone the moment it is installed.
* This is what we want since slaves in this state should not receive
* writes before the first ACK. */
events = aeGetFileEvents(server.el,slave->fd);
if (events & AE_WRITABLE &&
slave->replstate == SLAVE_STATE_ONLINE &&
clientHasPendingReplies(slave))
{
writeToClient(slave->fd,slave,0);
}
}
}
/* Pause clients up to the specified unixtime (in ms). While clients
* are paused no command is processed from clients, so the data set can't
* change during that time.
*
* However while this function pauses normal and Pub/Sub clients, slaves are
* still served, so this function can be used on server upgrades where it is
* required that slaves process the latest bytes from the replication stream
* before being turned to masters.
*
* This function is also internally used by Redis Cluster for the manual
* failover procedure implemented by CLUSTER FAILOVER.
*
* The function always succeed, even if there is already a pause in progress.
* In such a case, the pause is extended if the duration is more than the
* time left for the previous duration. However if the duration is smaller
* than the time left for the previous pause, no change is made to the
* left duration. */
void pauseClients(mstime_t end) {
if (!server.clients_paused || end > server.clients_pause_end_time)
server.clients_pause_end_time = end;
server.clients_paused = 1;
}
/* Return non-zero if clients are currently paused. As a side effect the
* function checks if the pause time was reached and clear it. */
int clientsArePaused(void) {
if (server.clients_paused &&
server.clients_pause_end_time < server.mstime)
{
listNode *ln;
listIter li;
client *c;
server.clients_paused = 0;
/* Put all the clients in the unblocked clients queue in order to
* force the re-processing of the input buffer if any. */
listRewind(server.clients,&li);
while ((ln = listNext(&li)) != NULL) {
c = listNodeValue(ln);
/* Don't touch slaves and blocked clients. The latter pending
* requests be processed when unblocked. */
if (c->flags & (CLIENT_SLAVE|CLIENT_BLOCKED)) continue;
c->flags |= CLIENT_UNBLOCKED;
listAddNodeTail(server.unblocked_clients,c);
}
}
return server.clients_paused;
}
/* This function is called by Redis in order to process a few events from
* time to time while blocked into some not interruptible operation.
* This allows to reply to clients with the -LOADING error while loading the
* data set at startup or after a full resynchronization with the master
* and so forth.
*
* It calls the event loop in order to process a few events. Specifically we
* try to call the event loop 4 times as long as we receive acknowledge that
* some event was processed, in order to go forward with the accept, read,
* write, close sequence needed to serve a client.
*
* The function returns the total number of events processed. */
int processEventsWhileBlocked(void) {
int iterations = 4; /* See the function top-comment. */
int count = 0;
while (iterations--) {
int events = 0;
events += aeProcessEvents(server.el, AE_FILE_EVENTS|AE_DONT_WAIT);
events += handleClientsWithPendingWrites();
if (!events) break;
count += events;
}
return count;
}
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