**This Readme reflects the latest changed in the master branch. See [v1.0.0](https://github.com/redis/hiredis/tree/v1.0.0) for the Readme and documentation for the latest release ([API/ABI history](https://abi-laboratory.pro/?view=timeline&l=hiredis)).**
<spanstyle="color:red">NOTE: v1.0.1 erroneously bumped SONAME, which is why it is skipped here.</span>
Version 1.0.2 is simply 1.0.0 with a fix for [CVE-2021-32765](https://github.com/redis/hiredis/security/advisories/GHSA-hfm9-39pp-55p2). They are otherwise identical.
Version 1.0.0 marks the first stable release of Hiredis.
It includes some minor breaking changes, mostly to make the exposed API more uniform and self-explanatory.
It also bundles the updated `sds` library, to sync up with upstream and Redis.
For code changes see the [Changelog](CHANGELOG.md).
_Note: As described below, a few member names have been changed but most applications should be able to upgrade with minor code changes and recompiling._
## IMPORTANT: Breaking changes from `0.14.1` -> `1.0.0`
*`redisContext` has two additional members (`free_privdata`, and `privctx`).
*`redisOptions.timeout` has been renamed to `redisOptions.connect_timeout`, and we've added `redisOptions.command_timeout`.
*`redisReplyObjectFunctions.createArray` now takes `size_t` instead of `int` for its length parameter.
## IMPORTANT: Breaking changes when upgrading from 0.13.x -> 0.14.x
Bulk and multi-bulk lengths less than -1 or greater than `LLONG_MAX` are now
protocol errors. This is consistent with the RESP specification. On 32-bit
platforms, the upper bound is lowered to `SIZE_MAX`.
Change `redisReply.len` to `size_t`, as it denotes the the size of a string
User code should compare this to `size_t` values as well. If it was used to
compare to other values, casting might be necessary or can be removed, if
casting was applied before.
## Upgrading from `<0.9.0`
Version 0.9.0 is a major overhaul of hiredis in every aspect. However, upgrading existing
code using hiredis should not be a big pain. The key thing to keep in mind when
upgrading is that hiredis >= 0.9.0 uses a `redisContext*` to keep state, in contrast to
the stateless 0.0.1 that only has a file descriptor to work with.
## Synchronous API
To consume the synchronous API, there are only a few function calls that need to be introduced:
```c
redisContext *redisConnect(const char *ip, int port);
The return value of `redisCommand` holds a reply when the command was
successfully executed. When an error occurs, the return value is `NULL` and
the `err` field in the context will be set (see section on **Errors**).
Once an error is returned the context cannot be reused and you should set up
a new connection.
The standard replies that `redisCommand` are of the type `redisReply`. The
`type` field in the `redisReply` should be used to test what kind of reply
was received:
### RESP2
* **`REDIS_REPLY_STATUS`**:
* The command replied with a status reply. The status string can be accessed using `reply->str`.
The length of this string can be accessed using `reply->len`.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_ERROR`**:
* The command replied with an error. The error string can be accessed identical to `REDIS_REPLY_STATUS`.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_INTEGER`**:
* The command replied with an integer. The integer value can be accessed using the
`reply->integer` field of type `long long`.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_NIL`**:
* The command replied with a **nil** object. There is no data to access.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_STRING`**:
* A bulk (string) reply. The value of the reply can be accessed using `reply->str`.
The length of this string can be accessed using `reply->len`.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_ARRAY`**:
* A multi bulk reply. The number of elements in the multi bulk reply is stored in
`reply->elements`. Every element in the multi bulk reply is a `redisReply` object as well
and can be accessed via `reply->element[..index..]`.
Redis may reply with nested arrays but this is fully supported.
### RESP3
Hiredis also supports every new `RESP3` data type which are as follows. For more information about the protocol see the `RESP3` [specification.](https://github.com/antirez/RESP3/blob/master/spec.md)
* **`REDIS_REPLY_DOUBLE`**:
* The command replied with a double-precision floating point number.
The value is stored as a string in the `str` member, and can be converted with `strtod` or similar.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_BOOL`**:
* A boolean true/false reply.
The value is stored in the `integer` member and will be either `0` or `1`.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_MAP`**:
* An array with the added invariant that there will always be an even number of elements.
Like the MAP type, the data is identical to an array response except there are no duplicate values.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_PUSH`**:
* An array that can be generated spontaneously by Redis.
This array response will always contain at least two subelements. The first contains the type of `PUSH` message (e.g. `message`, or `invalidate`), and the second being a sub-array with the `PUSH` payload itself.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_ATTR`**:
* An array structurally identical to a `MAP` but intended as meta-data about a reply.
_As of Redis 6.0.6 this reply type is not used in Redis_
* **`REDIS_REPLY_BIGNUM`**:
* A string representing an arbitrarily large signed or unsigned integer value.
The number will be encoded as a string in the `str` member of `redisReply`.
* **`REDIS_REPLY_VERB`**:
* A verbatim string, intended to be presented to the user without modification.
Redis 6.0 introduced PUSH replies with the reply-type `>`. These messages are generated spontaneously and can arrive at any time, so must be handled using callbacks.
### Default behavior
Hiredis installs handlers on `redisContext` and `redisAsyncContext` by default, which will intercept and free any PUSH replies detected. This means existing code will work as-is after upgrading to Redis 6 and switching to `RESP3`.
### Custom PUSH handler prototypes
The callback prototypes differ between `redisContext` and `redisAsyncContext`.
_Note `redisSetPushCallback` and `redisAsyncSetPushCallback` both return any currently configured handler, making it easy to override and then return to the old value._
### Specifying no handler
If you have a unique use-case where you don't want hiredis to automatically intercept and free PUSH replies, you will want to configure no handler at all. This can be done in two ways.
1. Set the `REDIS_OPT_NO_PUSH_AUTOFREE` flag in `redisOptions` and leave the callback function pointer `NULL`.
_Note: With no handler configured, calls to `redisCommand` may generate more than one reply, so this strategy is only applicable when there's some kind of blocking`redisGetReply()` loop (e.g. `MONITOR` or `SUBSCRIBE` workloads)._
## Allocator injection
Hiredis uses a pass-thru structure of function pointers defined in [alloc.h](https://github.com/redis/hiredis/blob/f5d25850/alloc.h#L41) that contain the currently configured allocation and deallocation functions. By default they just point to libc (`malloc`, `calloc`, `realloc`, etc).
### Overriding
One can override the allocators like so:
```c
hiredisAllocFuncs myfuncs = {
.mallocFn = my_malloc,
.callocFn = my_calloc,
.reallocFn = my_realloc,
.strdupFn = my_strdup,
.freeFn = my_free,
};
// Override allocators (function returns current allocators if needed)